Vertebrates show coordinated elevated expression of mitochondrial and nuclear genes after birth

Mitonuclear gene expression is elevated during prenatal development. (A) Heatmaps of mtDNA and nuclear DNA–encoded OXPHOS gene expression from X. tropicalis, C. elegans, D. melanogaster, and D. rerio. The color bar indicates the scaled expression. Red scale indicates elevated expression; blue scale, reduced expression. The x-axis indicates prenatal samples; y-axis, mtDNA/OXPHOS genes. Notice division into OXPHOS complexes and into structural and assembly genes of the OXPHOS. (B) Heatmap representing log₂FC values of regulatory factors and genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis. The color bar indicates the log₂FC. The x-axis indicates organisms; y-axis, genes. Only log₂FC > 0.2 and log₂FC < −0.02 are shown.