Extensive fusion-with-mixing of bilaterian ALGs in bryozoans. Chromosome-scale gene linkage between five bryozoan species and three outgroup bilaterians: a nemertean, a mollusc, and a chordate. Horizontal bars represent chromosomes. Vertical lines connect the genomic position of orthologous genes in each genome. Lines are colored by the 24 bilaterian ALGs (Simakov et al. 2022). These bilaterian ALGs are highly conserved in species ranging from the amphioxus B. floridae to the scallop P. maximus and the nemertean L. longissimus but are extensively scrambled in bryozoans. Species in the diagram are arranged to best illustrate patterns of genomic evolution, given that more information is gained from the nemertean–gymnolaemate comparison than from the nemertean–phylactolaemate comparison.
