
Complex V structure. The complex V structure is depicted with the mtDNA-encoded subunits indicated in pink (MT-ATP8) and seafoam green (MT-ATP6), and key structural elements are in blue-gray (central stalk), purple (peripheral stalk), and yellow (c-ring; PDB ID: 8H9S). The m.8993T > C variant changes a leucine to a proline at position 156 within MT-ATP6, which is located at the intersections of the c-ring and central and peripheral stalks, as indicated in the enlarged image (Lai et al. 2023).











