High-resolution mapping of transcriptional dynamics across tissue development reveals a stable mRNA–tRNA interface
- Bianca M. Schmitt1,5,
- Konrad L.M. Rudolph2,5,
- Panagiota Karagianni3,
- Nuno A. Fonseca2,
- Robert J. White4,
- Iannis Talianidis3,
- Duncan T. Odom1,
- John C. Marioni2 and
- Claudia Kutter1
- 1University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, United Kingdom;
- 2European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom;
- 3B.S.R.C. Alexander Flemming, 16672, Vari, Athens, Greece;
- 4University of York, Department of Biology, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
- Corresponding authors: duncan.odom{at}cruk.cam.ac.uk, marioni{at}ebi.ac.uk, claudia.kutter{at}cruk.cam.ac.uk
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↵5 These authors contributed equally to this work.
Abstract
The genetic code is an abstraction of how mRNA codons and tRNA anticodons molecularly interact during protein synthesis; the stability and regulation of this interaction remains largely unexplored. Here, we characterized the expression of mRNA and tRNA genes quantitatively at multiple time points in two developing mouse tissues. We discovered that mRNA codon pools are highly stable over development and simply reflect the genomic background; in contrast, precise regulation of tRNA gene families is required to create the corresponding tRNA transcriptomes. The dynamic regulation of tRNA genes during development is controlled in order to generate an anticodon pool that closely corresponds to messenger RNAs. Thus, across development, the pools of mRNA codons and tRNA anticodons are invariant and highly correlated, revealing a stable molecular interaction interlocking transcription and translation.
Footnotes
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[Supplemental material is available for this article.]
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Article published online before print. Article, supplemental material, and publication date are at http://www.genome.org/cgi/doi/10.1101/gr.176784.114.
Freely available online through the Genome Research Open Access option.
- Received April 3, 2014.
- Accepted August 8, 2014.
This article, published in Genome Research, is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution 4.0 International), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0.
