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  1. ...and comparisons of TRs in human s, with broad applications in research and clinical fields.Roughly 30% of the human consists of tandem repeats (TRs) characterized by one or more repeat motifs that are defined by their consecutive repetition (Hannan 2018). This repetitive pattern often leads to DNA instability...
  2. ...that are only identified upon molecular interrogation (Sasani et al. 2022). Identifying genetic factors controlling this variation can provide insight into mutation processes and DNA repair mechanisms.Short tandem repeats (STRs), typically consisting of repeated sequence motifs of 1–6 bp, show rapid mutation...
  3. ...as false positives following manual visualization of read alignments in IGV, underscoring the need for improved assembly mapping, alignment, and calling methods, particularly for long tandem repeats. In total, we report the discovery of 133 de novo SMs (61 in C3H, 39 in BL6, and 33 in FVB) (Supplemental...
  4. ...be in complex copy-number polymorphic regions of the , and thus potential artifacts because of their proximity to a segdup. Of the SVs that were not fully within, partially within, or within 1000 bp of a segdup, 119,255 (46.5% of the remaining SVs) overlap a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) region. Analysis...
  5. ...and quality, overcoming traditional challenges posed by repetitive regions. Zhang et al. (2025) present MotifScope, a tool for multisample motif discovery and tandem repeat visualization, providing insights into -wide repeat structures. Chakravarty et al. (2025) develop RAmbler, a reference-guided assembler...
  6. ...models require careful selection as they are technology-specific, optimized for particular flow cell generations, and primarily trained on human data. ii) Tandem repeats (TRs) consist of consecutive copies of DNA motifs, ranging from 1 bp or larger, with variable copy numbers. TRs span around 8...
  7. ...with detecting alterations in tandem repeats (TRs), and more generally, with variations found within repetitive sequences (e.g., segmental duplications, satellite sequences, transposable elements), leaving a large fraction of the inaccessible. Short-reads also have limited power to phase variants within the same...
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  8. ...verification with visualization tools such as IGV should also be performed.Mechanisms underlying SM and between-strain heterogeneity of rates and spectraExcluding expansions and contractions of tandem repeats, ∼79% of SMs were associated with TEs. Of these, 84% were TE insertions and excisions, which therefore...
  9. ...includes 59,310 multiallelic variants (2728 SNVs and 56,582 indels). The indel loci include short tandem repeats such as homopolymer tracts and di- and trinucleotide repeats (Supplemental Material, section 1.5), which are known to be less stable than SNVs; hence, we expect a significant number...
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