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  1. ...areas of microbial evolution.Metagenomic sequencing preserves the majority of the genetic information and enables a strain-level analysis of microbial communities. This establishes significant advantages over amplicon sequencing and culture-based methods, because these two approaches, by design...
  2. ...individuals. Even within a single species, different strains can have highly divergent gene content, affecting traits such as antibiotic resistance, metabolism, and virulence. Methods that harness metagenomic data to resolve strain-level differences in functional potential are crucial for understanding...
  3. ...and Banfield 2008; Sun et al. 2016) where spacers reflect exposures to phage and plasmids in a whole community metagenomic data set.The goal of this work was to survey the content and functional potential of microbial communities during gestation. We describe the vaginal, gut, and oral microbiomes from 10...
  4. ...Material, “Growth dynamics” (Supplemental Fig. S17), illustrates that this analysis represents yet another benefit of “complete metagenomics.”Phasing identified mutationsThe ability to call many mutations with controlled FDR in a contig is essential for phasing the strain-level haplotypes represented...
  5. ...containing large amounts of human sequence, misidentification of these human reads can lead to costly and inaccurate downstream reporting of a sample’s microbial contents. New detailed genus, species, and strain-level taxonomic profiles, plasmid, and gene profiles for all HMP samples are made available along...
  6. ...totaling <1.5 kb. We successfully preserved these strain-level differences in the polished s produced from the pipeline (Supplemental Fig. S2).The only two reference s that could not be recapitulated from the mock community were nearly identical to two of the polished s except for minor circular...
  7. ...al. 2015). Although Centrifuge was initially developed to analyze short-read metagenomic samples, MetaMaps specifically addresses the task of strain-level metagenomic assignment of long reads. We decided to use both tools and Kraken2 with default parameter configurations because this results...
  8. .... Highlighted haplotypes have >99% identity to the reference.Mussel-bacteria symbiont community with 11 estimated strainsAnsorge et al. (2019) investigated the strain-level diversity of an intracellular, sulfur-oxidizing bacterial symbiont community within deep-sea mussels. They sequenced one sample using...
  9. .... Nonetheless, bacteria offer several unique avenues for research into the process and mechanics of gene birth at a resolution not feasible in other organisms. Both their amenability to experimental evolutionary analysis and their strain-level variation in gene content foster investigations of how noncoding...
  10. ...al. 2019). However, because these previous studies have included relatively few time points per host, or relatively shallow sampling of their microbiota, the population genetic processes that drive these strain-level dynamics remain poorly characterized. Understanding how the forces of mutation...
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