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Research: Degrees of convergent evolution in rodent adaptations to arid environments
- Domitille Chalopin,
- Carine Rey,
- Jeremy Ganofsky,
- Juliana Blin,
- Pascale Chevret,
- Marion Mouginot,
- Laurent Guéguen,
- Bastien Boussau,
- Sophie Pantalacci,
- and Marie Sémon
Genome Res. March 2026 36: 472-486; Published in Advance January 21, 2026, doi:10.1101/gr.280089.124
...and the amount of genomic convergence. To our knowledge, we so far lacked study designs that could quantify genomic convergence accounting for both species relatedness and age of transition.Rodentia is the most diversified order of mammals with living representatives spanning 70 million years (MY) of evolution...
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Research: Elasmobranch genome sequencing reveals evolutionary trends of vertebrate karyotype organization
- Kazuaki Yamaguchi,
- Yoshinobu Uno,
- Mitsutaka Kadota,
- Osamu Nishimura,
- Ryo Nozu,
- Kiyomi Murakumo,
- Rui Matsumoto,
- Keiichi Sato,
- and Shigehiro Kuraku
Genome Res. September 2023 33: 1527-1540; Published in Advance August 17, 2023, doi:10.1101/gr.276840.122
...is visualized with the inter-specific correspondence of one-to-one orthologs (see Methods).Previous studies sought to reconstruct the process of karyotypic evolution of vertebrates but often lacked elasmobranchs in the data set (Sacerdot et al. 2018; Nakatani et al. 2021). In the present study, we performed...
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Research: Plant genome evolution in the genus Eucalyptus is driven by structural rearrangements that promote sequence divergence
- Scott Ferguson,
- Ashley Jones,
- Kevin Murray,
- Rose Andrew,
- Benjamin Schwessinger,
- and Justin Borevitz
Genome Res. April 2024 34: 606-619; Published in Advance April 8, 2024, doi:10.1101/gr.277999.123
...that exist across a wide geographic and environmental range, while retaining a largely conserved karyotype (Potts and Wiltshire 1997; Booth et al. 2015; Grattapaglia et al. 2015; Butler et al. 2017; Supple et al. 2018), which makes the genus ideal to study plant evolution. Here we assembled representative s...
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Review: The structure, function, and evolution of plant centromeres
- Matthew Naish and
- Ian R. Henderson
Genome Res. February 2024 34: 161-178; Published in Advance March 14, 2024, doi:10.1101/gr.278409.123
...change of centromere sequences observed across species, including the potential roles of recombination. We outline putative modes of selection that could act within the centromeres, as well as the role of repeats in driving cycles of centromere evolution. Although our primary focus is on plant s, we draw...
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Mini-Review: Evolution of genome-wide methylation profiling technologies
- Carolina Montano and
- Winston Timp
Genome Res. April 2025 35: 572-582; doi:10.1101/gr.278407.123
...and interpretationEpigenetic experimental designWhile genomic studies can reveal identical pathogenic variants in the germline from any sample, epigenomics studies require more attention to the sample source, as the epi is highly dynamic with substantial cell-type and tissue specificity (Laird 2010), particularly...
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Research: Stable genome structures in living fossil fishes
- Cheng Wang,
- Chase D. Brownstein,
- Wenjun Chen,
- Zufa Ding,
- Dan Yu,
- Yu Deng,
- Chenguang Feng,
- Thomas J. Near,
- Shunping He,
- and Liandong Yang
Genome Res. February 2026 36: 318-329; Published in Advance January 13, 2026, doi:10.1101/gr.280800.125
...contributed equally to this work. Corresponding authors: thomas.near@yale.edu, clad@ihb.ac.cn, yangliandong1987@163.comAbstractGenomic evolution can propel and restrict species diversification. Rapid molecular evolution and genomic rearrangement is often associated with increased species diversification...
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Method: Long-read reconstruction of many diverse haplotypes with devider
- Jim Shaw,
- Christina Boucher,
- Yun William Yu,
- Noelle Noyes,
- and Heng Li
Genome Res. December 2025 35: 2637-2649; Published in Advance September 23, 2025, doi:10.1101/gr.280510.125
...55421, USA Corresponding author: jshaw@ds.dfci.harvard.eduAbstractReconstructing exact haplotypes is important when sequencing a mixture of similar sequences. Long-read sequencing can connect distant alleles to disentangle similar haplotypes, but handling sequencing errors requires specialized...
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Method: Gene duplication is associated with gene diversification and potential neofunctionalization in lung cancer evolution
- Paul Ashford,
- Alexander M. Frankell,
- Zofia Piszka,
- Camilla S.M. Pang,
- Mahnaz Abbasian,
- Maise Al Bakir,
- Mariam Jamal-Hanjani,
- Nicholas McGranahan,
- Charles Swanton,
- and Christine A. Orengo
Genome Res. March 2026 36: 561-577; Published in Advance February 19, 2026, doi:10.1101/gr.278663.123
...; and neofunctionalization, in which duplicates evolve new functions (Taylor and Raes 2004; Hahn 2009; Kondrashov 2012; Kuzmin et al. 2022). Genome sequencing has supported the view that whole- duplication (WGD) events frequently occur during evolution across all domains of life, with many plant species retaining polyploid...
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Research: Dynamic evolution of satellite DNAs drastically differentiates the genomes of Tribolium sibling species
- Damira Veseljak,
- Evelin Despot-Slade,
- Marin Volarić,
- Lucija Horvat,
- Tanja Vojvoda Zeljko,
- Nevenka Meštrović,
- and Brankica Mravinac
Genome Res. November 2025 35: 2445-2460; Published in Advance September 16, 2025, doi:10.1101/gr.280516.125
.... S11C). Considering the 80% sequence similarity and wide genomic distribution in both species, we hypothesize that the TCAST transposon-like element was present in the ancestral and gave rise to the 360-bp TCAST satDNA, the current major satellite of T. castaneum (Fig. 5A).The orthologous centromeric...
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Research: Transposable elements contribute to the evolution of host shift–related genes in cactophilic Drosophila species
- Daniel Siqueira de Oliveira,
- Anaïs Larue,
- William Vilas Boas Nunes,
- Francois Sabot,
- Alejandra Bodelón,
- María Pilar García Guerreiro,
- Cristina Vieira,
- and Claudia Marcia Aparecida Carareto
Genome Res. March 2026 36: 487-505; Published in Advance February 10, 2026, doi:10.1101/gr.280463.125
...different preferences. Transposable elements are a source of genetic novelty between populations and species, driving rapid adaptive evolution. However, the extent of TEs’ contribution to host shift remains unexplored. Here, we perform genomic and transcriptomic analyses in six s of cactophilic species...

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