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Research: Fusion, fission, and scrambling of the bilaterian genome in Bryozoa
- Thomas D. Lewin,
- Isabel Jiah-Yih Liao,
- Mu-En Chen,
- John D.D. Bishop,
- Peter W.H. Holland,
- and Yi-Jyun Luo
Genome Res. January 2025 35: 78-92; Published in Advance January 6, 2025, doi:10.1101/gr.279636.124
...bryozoans. Multiple ancient chromosome fusions followed by gene mixing led to the near-complete loss of bilaterian linkage groups in the ancestor of extant bryozoans. A second wave of rearrangements, including chromosome fission, then occurred independently in two bryozoan classes, further scrambling...
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Review: A systematic guide for identifying transcription factors that directly regulate the expression of a gene of interest
- Andrew D. Bates,
- Dawid Grzela,
- Maciej Studzian,
- Louise Brennan,
- Moli Williams,
- Conor Fawcett,
- Beth Hammond,
- Manreen Grewal,
- Marcin Ratajewski,
- Lukasz Pulaski,
- and Urszula L. McClurg
Genome Res. March 2026 36: 433-459; Published in Advance February 17, 2026, doi:10.1101/gr.281154.125
..., hinging on the precise binding of transcription factors (TFs) and cofactors to gene regulatory elements such as promoters and enhancers. Although it is relatively routine to profile -wide DNA binding landscapes of proteins, identifying the specific proteins that bind to, and regulate the transcription of...
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Review: De novo gene birth and the conundrum of ORFan genes in bacteria
- Md. Hassan uz-Zaman and
- Howard Ochman
Genome Res. August 2025 35: 1679-1688; Published in Advance July 10, 2025, doi:10.1101/gr.280157.124
.... 2011; Donnelly et al. 2018). Also, in an approach that straddles the phage-transfer and de novo routes to gene origin, Warsi et al. (2020) constructed a gene fusion between bacterial and phage DNA that conferred a temperature-resistance phenotype.Cumulatively, such studies not only demonstrate...
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Research: The grasshopper genome reveals long-term gene content conservation of the X Chromosome and temporal variation in X Chromosome evolution
- Xinghua Li,
- Judith E. Mank,
- and Liping Ban
Genome Res. July 2024 34: 997-1007; Published in Advance August 5, 2024, doi:10.1101/gr.278794.123
...the Large-X effect (Lasne et al. 2017).Approximately 60 years ago, Susumu Ohno predicted that the conservation of gene content on the X Chromosome across placental mammals evolved to maintain dosage relationships between X-linked genes and their autosomal counterparts (Ohno 2013). Linkage conservation...
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Research: Ancestral aneuploidy and stable chromosomal duplication resulting in differential genome structure and gene expression control in trypanosomatid parasites
- João L. Reis-Cunha,
- Samuel A. Pimenta-Carvalho,
- Laila V. Almeida,
- Anderson Coqueiro-dos-Santos,
- Catarina A. Marques,
- Jennifer A. Black,
- Jeziel Damasceno,
- Richard McCulloch,
- Daniella C. Bartholomeu,
- and Daniel C. Jeffares
Genome Res. March 2024 34: 441-453; Published in Advance April 11, 2024, doi:10.1101/gr.278550.123
...and chromosomal fusions. We have also identified an ancient chromosomal duplication that was maintained across these parasite's speciation, named collectively as the trypanosomatid ancestral supernumerary chromosome (TASC). TASC has most genes in the same coding strand, is expressed as a disomic chromosome (even...
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Method: Nematode gene annotation by machine-learning-assisted proteotranscriptomics enables proteome-wide evolutionary analysis
- Alejandro Ceron-Noriega,
- Miguel V. Almeida,
- Michal Levin,
- and Falk Butter
Genome Res. January 2023 33: 112-128; Published in Advance January 18, 2023, doi:10.1101/gr.277070.122
...approach assembled more fragmented ORFs for P. pacificus or the current P. pacificus annotation from WormBase includes mistakenly merged ORFs. The fusion of genes is normally a very rare event in evolution, thus wrong prediction by automated annotations is the more plausible cause (Melsted et al. 2017...
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Research: Intergenic ORFs as elementary structural modules of de novo gene birth and protein evolution
- Chris Papadopoulos,
- Isabelle Callebaut,
- Jean-Christophe Gelly,
- Isabelle Hatin,
- Olivier Namy,
- Maxime Renard,
- Olivier Lespinet,
- and Anne Lopes
Genome Res. December 2021 31: 2303-2315; Published in Advance November 22, 2021, doi:10.1101/gr.275638.121
...). In contrast, the proto-gene model proposes an evolutionary continuum ranging from nongenic sequences to genes (Carvunis et al. 2012). Here, genes evolve de novo through transitory proto-genes that result from pervasive expression of nongenic sequences, and proto-genes are expected to show features...
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Research: Allelic diversification after transposable element exaptation promoted gsdf as the master sex determining gene of sablefish
- Amaury Herpin,
- Manfred Schartl,
- Alexandra Depincé,
- Yann Guiguen,
- Julien Bobe,
- Aurélie Hua-Van,
- Edward S. Hayman,
- Anna Octavera,
- Goro Yoshizaki,
- Krista M. Nichols,
- Giles W. Goetz,
- and J. Adam Luckenbach
Genome Res. August 2021 31: 1366-1380; Published in Advance June 28, 2021, doi:10.1101/gr.274266.120
.... Further characterization of this locus resulted in identification of the transforming growth factor, beta receptor 1a (tgfbr1a) gene, gonadal somatic cell derived factor (gsdf), as the main candidate for fulfilling the master sex determining (MSD) function. The presence of different X and Y Chromosome...
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Resource: Genome biology of the darkedged splitfin, Girardinichthys multiradiatus, and the evolution of sex chromosomes and placentation
- Kang Du,
- Martin Pippel,
- Susanne Kneitz,
- Romain Feron,
- Irene da Cruz,
- Sylke Winkler,
- Brigitta Wilde,
- Edgar G. Avila Luna,
- Gene Myers,
- Yann Guiguen,
- Constantino Macias Garcia,
- and Manfred Schartl
Genome Res. March 2022 32: 583-594; Published in Advance January 26, 2022, doi:10.1101/gr.275826.121
...Kang Du1, Martin Pippel2, Susanne Kneitz3, Romain Feron4,5, Irene da Cruz6, Sylke Winkler2, Brigitta Wilde3, Edgar G. Avila Luna7, Gene Myers2,8, Yann Guiguen5,8, Constantino Macias Garcia7,8 and Manfred Schartl1,6 1The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry...
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Research: Large tandem duplications affect gene expression, 3D organization, and plant–pathogen response
- Ariadna Picart-Picolo,
- Stefan Grob,
- Nathalie Picault,
- Michal Franek,
- Christel Llauro,
- Thierry Halter,
- Tom R. Maier,
- Edouard Jobet,
- Julie Descombin,
- Panpan Zhang,
- Vijayapalani Paramasivan,
- Thomas J. Baum,
- Lionel Navarro,
- Martina Dvořáčková,
- Marie Mirouze,
- and Frédéric Pontvianne
Genome Res. November 2020 30: 1583-1592; Published in Advance October 8, 2020, doi:10.1101/gr.261586.120
...show that the TDDOs create gene fusions and/or truncations and discuss their potential implications for the evolution of plant s.In most eukaryotes, hundreds of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes compose the nucleolus organizer region (NOR). In Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia ecotype (Col-0), 375 tandem 45S r...
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