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  1. ...aligned to a reference assembly, informative markers such as -wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) generated via high-throughput genomic data can contribute to the understanding of past and contemporary population demographics (Campana et al. 2016; Gautier et al. 2016; du Plessis et al. 2023; Luo...
  2. ....Within-population genetic indicesTo gain further insight into the genetic differentiation of the two populations in the “Western” lineage (i.e., populations 2 and 3), we calculated linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay, Tajima's D values, and nucleotide diversity (π).We found that population 3 had a slower...
  3. ....R. , Stoneking, M. ( 1993 ) The genetic structure of ancient human populations . Curr. Anthropol. 34 : 483 – 496 . ↵ Hayes, B.J. , Visscher, P.M. , McPartlan, H.C. , Goddard, M.E. ( 2003 ) Novel multilocus measure of linkage disequilibrium to estimate past effective population size . Genome Res. 13 : 635 – 643...
  4. ...of population genetics, 4th ed. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA. Hayes BJ, Visscher PM,McPartlan HC, GoddardME. 2003. Novel multilocus measure of linkage disequilibrium to estimate past effective population size. Genome Res 13: 635–643. Hill WG. 1975. Linkage disequilibrium among multiple neutral alleles...
  5. ...differentiation, across hierarchical scales, in the European branch accords with past studies of this geographic region (Sharbel et al. 2000; Nordborg et al. 2005; François et al. 2008; The 1001 Genomes Consortium 2016).Structure can also be ascertained at a very fine scale by examining branches close to the tips...
  6. ...-8057. Accepted July 7, 2003. Received July 3, 2002. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press References ↵ Abecasis, G.R. and Cookson, W.O. 2000 . GOLD—graphical overview of linkage disequilibrium. Bioinformatics 16 : 182 –183. ↵ Akey, J.M., Zhang, K., Xiong, M., Doris, P., and Jin, L. 2001 . The effect...
  7. ...to the location of the disease gene(s). The reason is that the allele frequencies of these markers in the disease population still reflect those originally carried by the founder chromosome(s), with modifications introduced by recombinations and mutations. This phenomenon, known as linkage disequilibrium (LD...
  8. ..., University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA During the past two decades, linkage analysis has been phenomenally successful in localizing Mendelian disease genes. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis, which effectively incorporates the effects of many past generations...
  9. ...; Braverman et al. 1995; Fu 1997), to an excess of high-frequency derived alleles in flanking regions (Fay and Wu 2000), to effects on linkage disequilibrium (e.g., Przeworski 2002; Kim andNielsen 2004;McVean 2007). These signals have been incorporated into methods that scan population genomic data for loci...
  10. ...). However, since this method relies on linkage disequilibrium (LD), which breaks down quickly over time, it provides weak power to detect historical sweeps that are ‘‘ancient’’ and ended up to several thousand generations ago. Selection has also been identified using methods that model the allele frequency...
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