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  1. ...lineage-specific characteristics (Kim et al. 2011; Wu et al. 2014; Foote et al. 2015). Indeed, evolutionary comparisons have even enabled the identification of genomic variation, such as repeat expansions, which can explain aspects of and karyotype evolution (Carbone et al. 2014).Even closely related...
  2. ...Sciences (ELS). John Wiley, Chichester, UK. doi: 10.1002/ 9780470015902.a0021740. Gaffney DJ, Keightley PD. 2005. The scale of mutational variation in the murid . Genome Res 15: 1086–1094. Gaffney DJ, Keightley PD. 2008. Effect of the assignment of ancestral CpG state on the estimation of nucleotide...
  3. ...and identifies key regulatory elements in the a globin cluster. Hum Mol Genet 10: 371–382. Gaffney DJ, Keightley PD. 2005. The scale of mutational variation in the murid . Genome Res 15: 1086–1094. Garber M, Guttman M, Clamp M, Zody MC, Friedman N, Xie X. 2009. Identifying novel constrained elements...
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  4. ...estimated constraint using an unconstrained standard from the same section of the in order to account for large-scale variation in the mutation rate. We identified two classes of putatively unconstrained sequence (the fastest evolving intronic [FEI] sites and the fastest evolving fourfold degenerate [FEF...
  5. ..., these features have not been considered together or on a -wide scale. Genomic features varying regionally are also expected to contribute to variation in microsatellite mutation rates ( Ellegren 2004 ). High local substitution rates cause frequent repeat interruptions that make slippage less likely and decrease...
  6. ...; Supplemental Table S4). These results reflect the well-known interchromosomal reshuffling of murid and canine organization relative to the more conserved disposition in the human (primate) or cat (Felidae) genomic history ( O’Brien et al. 1999 ; Bourque et al. 2004 ; Murphy et al. 2004 , 2005 ). The apparent...
  7. ...the boxes) intervening genomic DNA, or introns if colored; (–//–) a break artificially inserted into the long sequence for convenient display. Figure not drawn to scale. The base composition was calculated for 500 bp flanking the RPCs and was found to be AT-rich (Table 2 ). The 3′-flanking sequence average...
  8. ...-blooded vertebrate s as large as ∼300 kb with strikingly greater or lesser proportions of G+C than surrounding areas ( Bernardi et al. 1985 ; Bernardi 2000 ). Three main theories have been proposed to explain the existence of isochores ( Eyre-Walker and Hurst 2001 ). The first involves variation in mutation rates...
  9. ...are more influenced by variation in Abpbg -like genes. We propose a role for ABPα/β/γ proteins as pheromones, or in modulating odorant detection. This would account for the extraordinary adaptive evolution of these genes, and surrounding genomic regions, in murid rodents. Footnotes...
  10. ...in the central nervous system or associated with autism spectrum disorder, as well as 773 genes under unusually weak selection, which tend to be associated with metabolism. This combination of classical population genetic theory with modern machine-learning and large-scale genomic data is a powerful paradigm...
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