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Research: Adaptation of centromeres to breakage through local genomic and epigenomic remodeling in wheat
- Jingwei Zhou,
- Yuhong Huang,
- Huan Ma,
- Yiqian Chen,
- Chuanye Chen,
- Fangpu Han,
- and Handong Su
Genome Res. November 2025 35: 2461-2471; Published in Advance September 30, 2025, doi:10.1101/gr.280913.125
.... Expression values across six wheat tissues (root, coleoptile, stem, leaf, spike, and grain) are provided. CENH3 enrichment is plotted separately, indicating localized centromeric chromatin reestablishment over a subset of these genes. (E) Whole- bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) analysis reveals DNA methylation...
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Review: Recent advances in methods to characterize archaic introgression in modern humans
- David Peede,
- Mayra M. Bañuelos,
- Jazeps Medina Tretmanis,
- Miriam Miyagi,
- and Emilia Huerta-Sánchez
Genome Res. February 2026 36: 239-256; Published in Advance January 16, 2026, doi:10.1101/gr.278993.124
..., Eurasian, and Neanderthal individual (Fig. 2A). Without introgression, coalescence events more recent than the modern human–Neanderthal split time occur only among modern human lineages. In contrast, gene flow generates local trees where Eurasian and Neanderthal lineages coalesce more recently than...
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Method: Early feature extraction drives model performance in high-resolution chromatin accessibility prediction
- Aayush Grover,
- Till Muser,
- Liine Kasak,
- Lin Zhang,
- Ekaterina Krymova,
- and Valentina Boeva
Genome Res. March 2026 36: 619-629; Published in Advance January 12, 2026, doi:10.1101/gr.281042.125
...in modeling gene expression changes resulting from sequence variants. Yet, few methods operate at the resolution necessary to capture subtle effects of single-nucleotide changes. Furthermore, it remains unclear which architectural components, such as residual connections, normalization strategies...
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Method: Gene duplication is associated with gene diversification and potential neofunctionalization in lung cancer evolution
- Paul Ashford,
- Alexander M. Frankell,
- Zofia Piszka,
- Camilla S.M. Pang,
- Mahnaz Abbasian,
- Maise Al Bakir,
- Mariam Jamal-Hanjani,
- Nicholas McGranahan,
- Charles Swanton,
- and Christine A. Orengo
Genome Res. March 2026 36: 561-577; Published in Advance February 19, 2026, doi:10.1101/gr.278663.123
...adenocarcinomas, including some metabolic enzymes with the potential to be neofunctional. The postduplication diversification of driver genes and functions may indicate selection for somatic copy number changes in lung tumors and an increased scope for tumor adaptations.Cancers result from the evolutionary...
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Research: APOBEC3A drives deaminase mutagenesis in human gastric epithelium
- Yohan An,
- Ji-Hyun Lee,
- Joonoh Lim,
- Jeonghwan Youk,
- Seongyeol Park,
- Ji-Hyung Park,
- Kijong Yi,
- Taewoo Kim,
- Chang Hyun Nam,
- Won Hee Lee,
- Soo A Oh,
- Yoo Jin Bae,
- Thomas M. Klompstra,
- Haeun Lee,
- Jinju Han,
- Junehwak Lee,
- Jung Woo Park,
- Jie-Hyun Kim,
- Hyunki Kim,
- Hugo Snippert,
- Bon-Kyoung Koo,
- and Young Seok Ju
Genome Res. October 2025 35: 2158-2172; Published in Advance August 26, 2025, doi:10.1101/gr.280338.124
...APOBEC family genes in the human , APOBEC3A (A3A) and APOBEC3B (A3B) have been suggested as major potential contributors to the APOBEC-associated mutations in most human cell types (Roberts et al. 2013; Chan et al. 2015), along with APOBEC1 in the small intestine (Wang et al. 2023).The mutagenic...
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Research: Polycomb misregulation in enterocytes drives tissue decline in the aging Drosophila intestine
- Sarah M. Leichter,
- Kami Ahmad,
- and Steven Henikoff
Genome Res. January 2026 36: 102-114; Published in Advance November 17, 2025, doi:10.1101/gr.281058.125
..., yet the chromatin changes driving this decline remain unclear. Polycomb-mediated repression is essential for silencing developmental genes, but this regulatory mechanism becomes dysregulated with age. Although shifts in Polycomb regulation within intestinal stem cells have been linked to gut aging...
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Research: Independent expansion, selection, and hypervariability of the TBC1D3 gene family in humans
- Xavi Guitart,
- David Porubsky,
- DongAhn Yoo,
- Max L. Dougherty,
- Philip C. Dishuck,
- Katherine M. Munson,
- Alexandra P. Lewis,
- Kendra Hoekzema,
- Jordan Knuth,
- Stephen Chang,
- Tomi Pastinen,
- and Evan E. Eichler
Genome Res. November 2024 34: 1798-1810; Published in Advance August 6, 2024, doi:10.1101/gr.279299.124
...to a subset of copies and, most notably, from a single paralog group: TBC1D3-CDKL. These observations may help explain why a gene potentially important in cortical development can be so variable in the human population.Gene duplication followed by adaptation is one of the primary forces by which new genes...
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Method: Robust and efficient annotation of cell states through gene signature scoring
- Laure Ciernik,
- Agnieszka Kraft,
- Florian Barkmann,
- Josephine Yates,
- and Valentina Boeva
Genome Res. March 2026 36: 630-644; Published in Advance February 18, 2026, doi:10.1101/gr.280926.125
...the stability of gene signature scores provided by the most popular cell scoring methods: SCANPY, Seurat, UCell, and JASMINE. Using nine human healthy and cancer scRNA-seq data sets, we find that accurate unsupervised cell-state annotation using gene signature scores is not possible based on scores calculated...
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Review: A systematic guide for identifying transcription factors that directly regulate the expression of a gene of interest
- Andrew D. Bates,
- Dawid Grzela,
- Maciej Studzian,
- Louise Brennan,
- Moli Williams,
- Conor Fawcett,
- Beth Hammond,
- Manreen Grewal,
- Marcin Ratajewski,
- Lukasz Pulaski,
- and Urszula L. McClurg
Genome Res. March 2026 36: 433-459; Published in Advance February 17, 2026, doi:10.1101/gr.281154.125
...looping and high-order chromatin structure (Panigrahi and O'Malley 2021; Karr et al. 2022; Chen et al. 2024b). Furthermore, the DNA interactome at a particular gene locus is controlled by the availability of the transcription machinery, its correct localization, transcriptional complex formation...
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Research: Ancient dog introgression into the Iberian wolf genome may have facilitated adaptation to human-dominated landscapes
- Diana Lobo,
- Hernán E. Morales,
- Cock Van Oosterhout,
- José Vicente López-Bao,
- Pedro Silva,
- Luis Llaneza,
- Carolina Pacheco,
- Diana Castro,
- Germán Hernández-Alonso,
- George Pacheco,
- John Archer,
- M. Thomas P. Gilbert,
- Nuno Ferrand,
- and Raquel Godinho
Genome Res. March 2025 35: 432-445; Published in Advance February 14, 2025, doi:10.1101/gr.279093.124
...of the MAST4 gene, which encodes a member of the microtubule-associated serine/threonine protein kinase (GeneCards, The Human Gene Database). A phylogenetic gene tree for MAST4 unambiguously grouped Iberian wolves with the Δblock closer to dogs (Supplemental Fig. S12).Lastly, we estimated the probability...
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