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  1. ...expression levels of L1 suppressors such as APOBEC3s and SAMHD1. Our results indicate that cancer immunity may contribute to stability by suppressing L1 retrotransposition in gastrointestinal cancers.Somatic retrotransposition of the long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) has been reported...
  2. ....ewing@mater.uq.edu.au, sandra.richardson@mater.uq.edu.au, faulknergj@gmail.comAbstractThe retrotransposon Long Interspersed Element 1 (LINE-1 or L1) is a continuing source of germline and somatic mutagenesis in mammals. Deregulated L1 activity is a hallmark of cancer, and L1 mutagenesis has been described in numerous human...
  3. ..., recent data acquired on human tumors suggest that selected somatic tissues may normally tolerate a low level of somatic LINE-1 retrotransposition, as recently described in normal gastrointestinal tissues (Ewing et al. 2015). Indeed, it is also possible that the differential expression of restriction...
  4. ...@som.umaryland.edu ↵8 Co-first authors ↵9 Present address: Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA AbstractAlthough human LINE-1 (L1) elements are actively mobilized in many cancers, a role for somatic L1 retrotransposition in tumor initiation has not been...
  5. ...apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC)-associated DNA mutations, suggesting APOBEC enzymes as innate mutagens during cancer initiation and evolution. However, the pure mutagenic impacts of the specific enzymes among this family remain unclear in human normal cell lineages. Here, we...
  6. ...sensitivity. Third, we found that replication timing and DNA shape were significantly associated with mutation rates of microsatellites. Last, analysis of mutations in mismatch repair genes showed that somatic SNVs and short indels had larger functional impacts than germline mutations and structural...
  7. ...for retrotransposition activity. We also compared the germline L1 insertions that we discovered in this study (all sizes) with those discovered in three large studies of somatic L1 insertions in human cancers and found minimal overlap between these data sets (Supplemental Fig. S5). This suggests that there are few...
  8. ...(Fig. 4) with those that had been measured previously in a cell culture-based assay for L1 retrotransposition (Fig. 4C; Moran et al. 1996; Brouha et al. 2002, 2003; Beck et al. 2010). The LRE3 FL-L1 source element, which is highly active in both the germline and somatic cancer tissues, is also highly...
  9. ...to differences between XX and XY individuals. Because the X–Y gene pairs encode regulators of transcription, translation, and protein stability that are highly dosage sensitive (Bellott et al. 2014; Naqvi et al. 2018), small differences in their expression levels could contribute significantly to the widespread...
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