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  1. ...and Xenarthra (Hallstro¨m et al. 2007; Murphy et al. 2007; Wildman et al. 2007), which has been used to validate the importance to placental mammal evolution of a major North–South split caused by the break-up of Pangaea into Gondwana and Laurasia during the Cretaceous (Wildman et al. 2007). Retroposon studies...
  2. ...in the Exon-Intron Database (EID) Brief. Bioinform. 7 : 178 – 185 . ↵ Siepel, A. , Haussler, D. ( 2004 ) Combining phylogenetic and hidden Markov models in biosequence analysis . J. Comput. Biol. 11 : 413 – 428 . ↵ Springer, M.S. , Murphy, W.J. , Eizirik, E. , O’Brien, S.J. ( 2003 ) Placental mammal...
  3. ...Patterns of Insertions and Their Covariation With Substitutions in the Rat, Mouse, and Human Genomes Shan Yang 1 , Arian F. Smit 4 , Scott Schwartz 2 , Francesca Chiaromonte 3 , Krishna M. Roskin 5 , David Haussler 5 , 6...
  4. ...retroposons. In mammals the activity of L1 elements is restricted to therians (placentals and marsupials). To date, no L1 activity has been demonstrated for monotremes ( Kordis et al. 2006 ); thus, L1-mediated co-retroposition of RNAs is also expected to be restricted to therian mammals. In monotremes...
  5. ...of genes. The intensively studied apes and (especially) murids do not reflect the general placental pattern. We correlated GC-content evolution with species life-history traits and cytology. Significant effects of body mass and genome size were detected, with each being consistent with the GC-biased gene...
  6. ...and the fundamental biologic characteristics of metatherians that distinguish them from other mammalian species. Metatherian and eutherian (placental) mammals are more closely related to one another than to other vertebrate groups, and owing to this close relationship they share fundamentally similar genetic...
  7. ...mammalian evolution. Four of these are expressed as alternatively spliced transcripts; three in species throughout the mammalian phylogenetic tree and one solely in primates. The fifth is the first experimentally verified, constitutively expressed retroposed SINE element in mammals. This pattern of highly...
  8. ...; Supplemental Table 5; Witherspoon et al. 2010). With these additional data, we identified 18 insertion sites for nine retrocopies (Table 2; Supplemental Table 6). Twelve insertion sites were further validated by PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. In agreement with the biased insertion pattern of LTR...
  9. .../or trafficked to specific subcellular locations, as well as exhibit subtle evidence of selection. On the other hand, analyses of conservation patterns indicate that only ∼5% (3%–8%) of the human genome is under purifying selection for functions common to mammals. However, these estimates rely on the assumption...
  10. ...retroposon insertion patterns in placental mammals. Genome Res 19: 868–875. Doronina L, Churakov G, Shi J, Brosius J, Baertsch R, Clawson H, Schmitz J. 2015. Exploring massive incomplete lineage sorting in arctoids (Laurasiatheria, Carnivora). Mol Biol Evol 32: 3194–3204. Ebersberger I, Galgoczy P, Taudien S...
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