The NACα–BTF3 protein family—bifunctional proteins involved in both transcription and translation. (A) Domain architecture. (NAC) Amino-terminal domain of NACα that is conserved in BTF3 and is involved in transcription activation; (TS-N) amino-terminal domain of the bacterial translation factor Ts that is conserved in NACa and its orthologs; (TS-C1,2) two carboxy-terminal domains of Ts. Species name abbreviations: (Ce) Caenorhabditis elegans; (Ec)Escherichia coli; (Mm) Mus musculus. (B) Multiple alignment of the amino-terminal, BTF3-related domain. For details of the designation, see legend to Fig. 6. Species name abbreviations: (Af) Achaeoglubus fulgidus; (Bm) Bombyx mori; (Ce) Caenorhabditis elegans; (Dm) Drosophila melanogaster; (Hs) Homo sapiens; (Mj) Methanoccoccus jannaschii; (Mm) Mus musculus; (Mta) Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum; (Ph) Pyrococcus horikoshii; (Sc)Saccharomyces cerevisiae; (Sp) Schizosaccharomyces pombe. (C) Multiple alignment of the carboxy-terminal, EF-Ts-related domain. For details of the designations, see legend to Fig. 8. Species name abbreviations: (Aae) Aquefex aeolicus; (Af) Archaeoglobus fulgidus; (Bs) Bacillus subtilis; (Bt.m) bovine mitochondria; (Ce) Caenorhabditis elegans; (Ct)Chlamydia trachomatis; (Dm) Drosophila melanogaster; (Ec) Escherichia coli; (Hs) Homo sapiens; (Mj)Methanococcus jannaschii; (Mta) Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum; (Ph) Pyrococcus horikoshii; (Sc)Saccharomyces cerevisiae; (Sp) Schizosaccharomyces pombe; (Ssp) Synechocystis sp. (D) Structure of the carboxy-terminal domain modeled using the amino-terminal domain of EF-Ts (Kawashima et al. 1996; PDB code 1efu) as a template. The conserved amino acid residues are colored as in C.
