Proust improves the detection of hippocampal spatial domains in CK-p25 mouse coronal brain tissue by integrating gene expression with proteins of interest. (A) From left to right: annotation of mouse hippocampus subfields from the Allen Reference Brain Atlas; merged DAPI and γH2AX immunofluorescence images; and IF staining of γH2AX. (B) UMAP representation of spots colored by spatial domains detected by mclust using Proust's latent embeddings. (C) Predicted spatial domains by Proust, GraphST (Long et al. 2023), SpaGCN (Hu et al. 2021a), and STAGATE (Dong and Zhang 2022) with k = 20 domains. (D) Spatial expression level of four RM marker genes across the entire tissue slice and box plots of corresponding marker genes stratified by k = 20 domains identified by Proust. Hippocampal subregions are depicted in orange; other regions are depicted in gray.
