SCALE reveals cell type–specific aging patterns across tissues. (A) SCALE scores of mesenchymal stem cells from adipose cells in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT). Data are presented as the mean ± SD. (***) P-value < 0.001 using a two-sided unpaired Student's t-test. (B) SCALE scores of leukocytes in pancreas. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. (***) P-value < 0.001 using a two-sided unpaired Student's t-test. (C) Differences between the SCALE scores of T cells and the tissues in which they are located. (Older) The SCALE scores of T cells are significantly larger (P-value < 0.05) than all cells in the tissue, (Younger) the SCALE scores of T cells are significantly smaller (P-value < 0.05) than all cells in the tissue. P-values were calculated using two-sided unpaired Student's t-tests. (D) Differences between the SCALE scores of B cells and the tissues in which they are located. (Older) The SCALE scores of B cells are significantly larger (P-value < 0.05) than all cells in the tissue, (Younger) the SCALE scores of B cells are significantly smaller (P-value < 0.05) than all cells in the tissue. P-values were calculated using two-sided unpaired Student's t-tests. (E) Differences between the SCALE scores of endothelial cells and the tissues in which they are located. (Older) The SCALE scores of endothelial cells are significantly larger (P-value < 0.05) than all cells in the tissue, (Younger) the SCALE scores of endothelial cells are significantly smaller (P-value < 0.05) than all cells in the tissue. P-values were calculated using two-sided unpaired Student's t-tests. (F) Schematic overview of the relationship between SCALE scores and chronological age. For each cell type or all cells in one tissue, we calculated the correlation coefficient to define the relationship between the SCALE score and chronological age. We observed cell type–specific aging characteristics and tissue environment may influence cell type aging patterns. (G) Correlation coefficient between SCALE scores and chronological age of each cell type. The size of the circle shows the Pearson correlation coefficient. P-values were calculated using a permutation-based test. Orange indicates that the coefficient is significantly larger, and blue indicates that the coefficient is significantly smaller (P-value < 0.05). (H) Relationship between the correlation coefficient of each cell type and the correlation coefficient of their counterpart tissues. The R value and P-value are shown.
