
Alveolate mtDNA evolution and characteristics. (Left) Cladogram of alveolate relationships with major mitochondrial genome events indicated with gray arrows. (Center) Schematic of mtDNA CDS (red, green, and blue arrows) or inverted repeats (gold and brown) indicated. Spacing is approximate with CDS lengths exaggerated for ease of viewing. Ribosomal RNA and other RNA genes or fragments thereof are not represented. (Right) mtDNA size and topology. (L) Linear, (C) concatemer, presumably from circular progenitors. Status of CDS sequences and status of Short (SSU) and Long Subunit (LSU) rRNA are indicated.











