
Resolution of cancer hallmark processes by PEPs to discern malignancy-specific processes. Genes differentially expressed between Normal and Carcinoma samples (as in traditional gene expression analysis) show Tumor or Carcinoma-specific signatures. This experimental design stratifies tumor processes into those specific to malignant tumors (carcinoma-specific pattern) and those that are perturbed in both benign and malignant tumors (tumor-specific pattern). Five representative example GO terms from each pattern are shown (for a complete list, see Supplemental Table S3).











