Effects on other male fitness components. (A) Female receptivity after mating with wild-type or miRNA KO males as a measure of the male's ability to repress female remating. Lower bars indicate higher fitness of males. In three lines, there is a significant decrease in female remating after females are mated to KO males (χ2 test): (*) P < 0.05. (B) Distortion in sex chromosome transmission, a measure of miRNAs’ ability to gain a transmission advantage through the transmission of X. No difference shown is significant (Student's t-test, overall P > 0.1). (C) Male viability. Compared to the control, three miRNA KO (mir-978, mir-983, and mir-984) males are significantly more viable (Student's t-test): (*) P < 0.05. (D) Male mating success. Differences between miRNA mutants and controls are very small and statistically insignificant (χ2 test, overall P > 0.1).
