
Phylogenetic signal in strain transmission and stability. (A) Strain population (rmSNV profile) similarity of vaginally born infants to mother. (B) Intra-individual rmSNV similarity over time in vaginally born infants and children, and adults regardless of birth mode. (C) Strain population (rmSNV) similarity to other family members. The symbols represent age group medians ± inter-quartile range per bacterial class. The number of individuals included in each group is indicated. Expected similarity decline is based on the intra-individual similarity decline in Figure 2C.











