Heritability and genetic basis of protein level variation in an outbred population

Concordance of genotype effects on mRNA and protein level. (A) eQTL and pQTL effect directions and magnitudes are concordant. Difference between mRNA level in the segregants with the BY and RM allele at the eQTL locus (x-axis) is concordant with the difference between the RM allele frequencies between the corresponding ORF-GFP high and low pools at the eQTL locus (y-axis) for 12 eQTLs (blue dots), and not detectable for the remaining seven (red dots). (B) Comparison of allele effect sizes for HAP1 locus. Change in GFP level in response to substituting the HAP1^RM allele into the BY background (x-axis) is correlated with the difference between average mRNA levels of segregants with the HAP1^RM and HAP1^BY alleles (y-axis) (Smith and Kruglyak 2008) for genes with an mRNA level linkage to the HAP1 locus (red markers). Changes in all other genes (blue markers) are shown as a reference. (C) As in B, but for both MKT1^RM and IRA2^RM alleles introduced to the BY background and genes with MTK1 mRNA linkages highlighted in red. See also Supplemental Figure 9.