Fluorescent in situ hybridization and qPCR of dog NOR, PAR, and ampliconic genes. (A) Dog has six autosomal NORs (CFA7, 17, 20; arrows), and one on Y. A total of seven NORs are observed in males and six in females (not shown). (Red) NOR probe. (Green) PAR probe (represented by BAC clone RPCI-183L18). (B) NOR probe (green on Yp+Ycen) and PAR probe (red on Yq) are at opposite ends of the dog Y. (C) Zoomed dog Y showing the location of NOR and the PAR in relation to the centromere. Dog Y is sub-metacentric. (D) KAL1 and TBL1 containing BAC clones hybridize to distal Xp and Yq. (E) TSPY and CUL4BY cDNA probes localize to Ycen-proximal Yq. (F) Quantitative PCR results for SRY and TSPY/TSPYL in three male domestic dogs.
