Population structure and chromosome karyotype of sequenced Verticillium dahliae isolates. An unrooted maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on concatenation of 236,785 SNP sites relative to reference strain VdLs17 is shown. Evolutionary distances based on the Jukes-Cantor method and bootstrap support (%) are indicated at the nodes. Race 2 strains are indicated by asterisks. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of sequenced V. dahliae strains are shown as well as the results of PCR analyses on structural rearrangements SR2, SR3, and SR4 using JR2-specific primer sets (J2, J3, J4) and VdLs17-specific primer sets (L3, L4), highlighting significant chromosome length and structure polymorphisms between isolates. Chromosomal DNA of Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Hansenula wingei were loaded as size makers.
