Two regions of human chromosome 19 (HSA19) homologous to chicken chromosomes 28 and 11 (GGA28 and GGA11). (A) Gene-rich HSA19p13.3-p13.2 and p13.1 is evolutionarily related to GGA28. Each of 30 major human-chicken homology segments is uniquely color-coded to demonstrate intrachromosomal rearrangements between these two lineages. Homology segment starts connected with black lines are oriented in the forward direction, segment starts connected with blue lines are oriented in the reverse direction. HSA19 segments shaded gray are not homologous to GGA28 and were not sequenced; most regions are also not found in wgs assemblies. Internal rearrangements and inversions are not depicted. The GGA28 telomere contains a short region of HSA16p11-related material (hatched). (B) Dot plot of GGA28 vs. HSA19p. (C) Gene-sparse HSA19q12–13.1, including a 2.5-Mb gene desert in q12, is recapitulated on GGA11 in a single homology segment with only localized inversions (light blue) at the ends of the segment. Only the portion of GGA11 sequenced here is depicted; the region related to HSA19q is flanked by HSA16q12 and q22-related material (hatched). (D) Dot plot of GGA11 vs. HSA19q.
