
(A) The essential and nonessential excess retention as a function of logarithmically binned connectivities of proteins shows
statistically significant and monotonic trends (ERk ∼ γlog k, essential: γ = 1.386, nonessential: γ = –0.371). (B) The trend of excess retention of essential proteins is further enhanced if we focus on proteins that simultaneously have
orthologs in higher eukaryotes (
). (C) However, proteins that have orthologs in the reference eukaryotes and are dispensable for the cell's survival fail to show
any significant excess retention signal.











