
Reactions coupled to biomass formation for aerobic S. cerevisiae growth on a glucose-minimal medium. Secondary metabolites and cofactors are omitted for simplicity. All reactions are fully coupled, meaning that knowledge of one reaction flux is sufficient to specify the flux through all reactions at steady-state. Note that PAP is converted to AMP, which is a precursor to biomass. This enzyme subset is decomposed into numerous subsystems, indicated by different colored arrows, if the biomass reaction is replaced with drains on the various biomass precursors.











