Rat Intrachromosomal Rearrangementsa
|
Human fragment (Mb)b |
Breakpoints for rat (Mb) |
Rat syntenic blocks (Mb)c |
Breakpoints for mouse (Mb) |
Mouse syntenic blocks (Mb) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H1 (1-58.3) | 26.2, 28 | R5 (173-152.7), (151.3-152.6) and (151-124.3) | M4 (152.7-101.3) | |
| H1 (231.1-236.4) | 232 | R17 (59.37-59.52) and (66.6-71.2) | M13 (13.5-9.8) | |
| H3 (169-179.2) | 170.5, 173 | R2 (113.6-115), (117.5-115.1) and (113.5-106.3) | 171.9 | M3 (28.8-31.3) and (28.6-20.7) |
| H3 (75.7-126) | 90-94.9 (centromeric region) | R11 (14.31-0.1, tip), (38.54-38.4) and (40-69.2) | M16 (76-33.2) | |
| H6 (123.2-150) | 128, 135 | R1 (24.3-29.2), (17.2-24) and (16.7-2.5, tip) | M10 (33.3-7.3) | |
| H10 (89.4-121.1) | 99, 102 | R1 (236.6-247), (249-247.2) and (249.6-268) | M19 (31-60.8) | |
| H10 (55.4-74.5) | 68, 70.3 | R20 (14.5-25), (26.8-25.2) and (30-27.2) | M10 (74.4-59) | |
| H12 (55-104.3) | 57 | R7 (2.2-1.1, tip) and (68-23.3) | M10 (130.5-86.1) | |
| H16 q-arm (46.5-end) | 55.6, 66.7 | R19 (23-15.1), (11.90-0.2, tip) and (34-53.8) addition to the 4 Mb inversion | M8 (84.6-123.2) with 4 Mb inversion | |
| H17p tip (0-1.2) and H17q tip (24.5-30)d | Three extra breakages | R10 (68.4-63.7) | ||
| H21 (14.6-42)
|
31.2, 32.2
|
R11 (14.4-29.4), (30.4-29.6) and (30.5-37.2)
|
|
M16 (76.1-98.5)
|
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↵a All blocks shown are above 100 kb and with >3 BACs. Simple inversions below 1 Mb are not included.
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↵b Each human fragment corresponds to a single mouse fragment, but syntenic to several distinctive regions in the same rat chromosome. For example, a 27 Mb fragment of H6 (123.2-150 Mb) split twice to form blocks syntenic to three fragments of R1p, whereas it is contiguous to its M10 homolog. Sometimes mouse has an inversion but still remains less rearranged (e.g., H3/R2/M3 synteny).
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↵c R1p, R11, and R19 are more extensively rearranged with multiple extra major inversions. Other rat chromosomes (e.g., R5, R2) are simpler where an inversion of large segment (>1 Mb) was observed in rat but not in mouse (e.g., the H1/R5/M4 synteny).
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↵d H17p can be transformed to M11 (77-60 Mb) with seven breakages and ∼5 inversions, and H17q to M11 (77.5-122.2 Mb) with ∼10 breakages and nine inversions. However, extra breakages and inversions are required to transform H17q tip (24.5-30 Mb) and H17p tip (0-1.12 Mb) to R10 (68.4-63.7 Mb) beside the same amount of rearrangements for the transformation of H17p to R10 (63.1-46 Mb) and H17q to R10 (68.4-110.6 Mb).
