Percent G + C Mean and Standard Deviations Determined from All Predicted Protein Coding Regions for Complete Genomes of Pathogenic Bacteria (as of April 2001)
| Organism | Approximate host range— “Primary” disease | Intracellular? | Notes regarding clonality and evidence of horizontally transferred regions | No. of protein-coding ORFs | G + C for ORFs > 300 bp | |
| Mean | S.D. | |||||
| Neisseria meningitidis MC58 | humans—meningitis | extracellular | Nonclonal, demonstrated horizontal transfer with other species | 2025 | 52.4 | 6.9 |
| Neisseria meningitidis Z2491 | humans—meningitis | extracellular | Nonclonal, demonstrated horizontal transfer with other species | 2121 | 52.6 | 6.5 |
| Xylella fastidiosa 9a5c | plants—citrus variegated chlorosis | extracellular | Evidence of phage-mediated horizontal gene transfer | 2766 | 53.4 | 5.4 |
| Escherichia coli O157:H7 | warm-blooded animals, including humans—diarrhea | facultative intracellular | Compared with E coli K12, has higher % G + C S.D. and more predicted horizontally transferred regions | 5283 | 51.0 | 5.3 |
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae M129 | humans— mycoplasmal pneumonia | extracellular | 677 | 40.3 | 4.9 | |
| Vibrio cholerae N16961 chrom. 2 (of 2) | humans, zooplankton, other aquatic life—cholera | extracellular | More genes than chr. 1 that appear to have origins outside alpha-proteobacteria to which Vibrio belongs; proposed megaplasmid origin | 1092 | 46.9 | 4.3 |
| Treponema pallidum Nichols | humans—syphillis | extracellular | 1031 | 51.4 | 4.2 | |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 | humans, a range of other animals— variety of opportunistic mucosal infections | extracellular | 5565 | 67.0 | 3.8 | |
| Ureaplasma urealyticum serovar3 | humans—urethritis | extracellular | 611 | 29.3 | 3.8 | |
| Vibrio cholerae N16961 chr. 1 (of 2) | humans, zooplankton, other aquatic life— cholera | extracellular | 2736 | 48.1 | 3.7 | |
| Borrelia burgdorferi B31 | humans, rodents, tick vector—Lyme disease | facultative intracellular | 850 | 28.7 | 3.6 | |
| Campylobacter jejuni NCTC11168 | humans, fowl, cattle, sheep, dogs, cats—gastroenteritis | extracellular | Noted for lack of insertion sequences or phage-associated sequences | 1634 | 30.6 | 3.5 |
| Mycoplasma genitalium G37 | humans—urethritis (opportunistic) | extracellular | 480 | 31.4 | 3.5 | |
| Pasteurella multocida PM70 | range of animals—fowl cholera, cattle septicemia, pig rhinitis | extracellular | 2014 | 40.8 | 3.3 | |
| Helicobacter pylori 266695 | humans—peptic ulcers and gastritis | extracellular | Conserved relative to the other H. pylori genome | 1553 | 39.4 | 3.4 |
| Haemophilus influenzae Rd-KW20 | humans—upper respiratory infection and meningitis | extracellular | Evidence of horizontal transfer betweenNeisseria and Haemophilus, but not in this genome sequence | 1709 | 38.5 | 3.4 |
| Helicobacter pylori J99 | humans—peptic ulcers and gastritis | extracellular | Conserved relative to the other H. pylori genome | 1491 | 39.3 | 3.3 |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis CSU93 | humans—tuberculosis | facultative intracellular | 3918 | 65.6 | 3.3 | |
| Rickettsia prowazekii MadridE | humans, other animals, lice vector—epidemic typhus | obligate intracellular | Highly clonal | 834 | 30.1 | 3.3 |
| Chlamydophila pneumoniae AR39 | humans—chlamydial pneumonia | obligate intracellular | Highly clonal | 997 | 41.1 | 2.6 |
| Chlamydophila pneumoniae CWL029 | humans—chlamydial pneumonia | obligate intracellular | Highly clonal | 1052 | 41.1 | 2.6 |
| Chlamydophila pneumoniae J138 | humans—chlamydia pneumonia | obligate intracellular | Highly clonal | 1070 | 41.1 | 2.6 |
| Chlamydia trachomatis D | humans—chlamydia | obligate intracellular | Highly clonal | 894 | 41.5 | 2.3 |
| Chlamydia muridarum MoPn | humans—chlamydia | obligate intracellular | Highly clonal | 818 | 40.8 | 2.3 |
-
↵The calculation appears to be more accurate when ORFs < 300 bp are omitted from the analysis, as evident from a comparison of two highly similar Chlamydia pneumoniae genomes that suggests there are increased errors in gene prediction for genes > 300 bp in length.
-
This table is sorted by percent G + C standard deviation (S.D.) for predicted coding regions (ORFs) > 300 bp. Although the sample size is small, this standard deviation appears to correlate with the clonality of the microbe (two-tailed P-value > 0.005 for a nonparametric/Spearman correlation when condition is ranked). A similar analysis that is continually updated and includes nonpathogens, including archaea, is available athttp://www.pathogenomics.bc.ca/IslandPath.html.
