Genetic Evidence on the Origins of Indian Caste Populations

Table 2.

MtDNA Haplogroup Frequencies in Dravidic and Hindi-Speaking Indians

Haplogroup Dravidic (%) Hindi (%)
upper middle lower total
Asian 61 (5.5) 64.6 (3.8) 71.4 (5.3) 65.7 (2.7) 55.7 (2.9)
 A 0  0  0  0  0.3 (.32)
 B 0  0  0  0  0 
 F 0  0  0  0  2.7 (.94)
 M 61 (5.5) 64.6 (3.8) 71.4 (5.3) 65.7 (2.7) 52.7 (2.9)
 M3 18.6 (4.4) 3.5 (1.5) 1.4 (1.4) 6.6 (1.4) 6.0 (1.4)
 M-C 0  0  0  0  0.7 (.48)
 M-D 0  0  0  0  1.0 (.57)
 M-G 0  0.9 (.74) 0  0.4 (.36) 0 
 M-E 0  1.8 (1.1) 0  0.8 (.51) 0 
West Eurasian 23.7 (4.8) 14.2 (2.8) 7.1 (3.0) 14.5 (2.0) 27.4 (2.6)
 U2i 16.9 (4.2) 9.7 (2.3) 5.7 (2.7) 10.3 (1.7) 15.3 (2.1)
 W 1.7 (1.5) 0  0  0.4 (.36) 3.7 (.29)
 H 3.4 (2.0 0  0  1.2 (.62) 2.3 (.87)
 I 0  0  0  0  1.3 (.65)
 J 0  0.9 (.75) 0  0.4 (.36) 0.7 (.48)
 K 1.7 (1.5) 0 0 0.4 (.36) 0
 T 0  2.7 (1.3) 1.4 (1.4) 1.7 (.73) 1.7 (.75)
 X 0  0  0  0  0.7 (.48)
Others 15.3 (4.1) 21.2 (1.3) 21.4 (4.8) 19.8 (2.3) 16.7 (2.2)
  • ± standard errors are in parentheses.

  • These haplotypes belong to super-haplogroup R (ancestral to haplogroups B, F, H, T, J, V, and U) but do not belong to any previously recognized haplogroup.

  • U2i is differentiated from haplogroup U by the presence of a transition at np 16051.

This Article

  1. Genome Res. 11: 994-1004

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