Numbers of Genes n diff Showing Different Tumor/Normal Ratios between Clinicopathological Subgroups
| Subgroups | n diff | |
| Clear cell (32) | stage I-III (22) vs. IV,M (10) | 43 |
| stage I-IV (27) vs. M (5) | 28 | |
| stage I (9) vs. II-IV,M (23) | 9 | |
| grade 1 (7) vs. 2,3 (25) | 16 | |
| Clear cell (32) vs. chromophobe (4) | 123 |
[i] The genes were identified by permutation t-tests at single-test significance levels of α = 10−3 out of ∼20,000 cDNAs that had no consistently low intensity, leading to an expected number of ≤20 false positives. The “Chromophobe vs. clear cell” distinction shows the most pronounced molecular differences.