Relative Rates of Evolutionary Divergence Between Synonymous Sites in Coding DNA and Different Types of Noncoding Regions
| Coding DNA (#genes, #bp) | Noncoding DNA (#segments, #bp) | Relative rate ratio[i] | |||
| All sites[ii] | CpG sites excluded[iii] | ||||
| Human–Chimpanzee | |||||
| Coding genes (81,14790) | Pseudogenes (19,21003) | 1.3 | 1.0 | ||
| Coding genes (81,14790) | Intergenic regions (4,141322) | 1.6 | 1.0 | ||
| Coding genes (48,8464)[iv] | Intronic regions (48[v],327344) | 1.4 | 1.0 | ||
| Human–Orangutan | |||||
| Coding genes (38,5634) | Intergenic regions (1,9772) | 1.5 | 1.1 | ||
| Human–Baboon | |||||
| Coding genes (31,6512) | Intergenic regions (1,37937) | 1.6 | 1.0 | ||
| Coding genes (25,5264)[iv] | Intronic regions (25[v],260186) | 1.4 | 0.9 | ||
[i] Relative rate ratio is the ratio between the synonymous divergence at the fourfold-degenerate sites of the exons and the sequence divergence in the noncoding DNA.
[ii] Difference in evolutionary distances between synonymous sites of coding genes and noncoding DNA is significant at least at a 0.2% level using a Z-test.
[iii] Difference in evolutionary distances (excluding CpG sites) between the synonymous sites of coding genes and noncoding DNA is not significant at the 5% level in each comparison.
[iv] Neutral evolutionary divergence from the exons and introns of the same genes.
[v] Count refers to the number of genes from which the introns were obtained.