Table 1.

Role of Members of the Serpin Superfamily

Serpin Abbreviation Role[ii] Primary function/target References Species[iii]
α1-AntichymotrypsinACTInchymotrypsinaM
α1-AntitrypsinAATInelastasebM/Am
α2-AntiplasminA2APInplasmincM
Accessory gland proteinAcp76AOreproductive systemd dme
AngiotensinogenANGTOnon-inhibitory, hormone precursore,fM
AntithrombinANTIn/Othrombin, factor Xa, anti-angiogenesisg,hM/F
Blood fluke serpinsAcNinhibitory RCL, target unknown.Schistosoma haematobium major antigeni sma/ja/ha
BomapinBomapinIninhibitory activity vs serine proteinasesj hsa
Bombyx moriserpinsAcIn, Ninhibitory activity vs serine proteinasesk bmo
C1 inhibitorC1-IIncomplement C1 esteraselM
Corticosteroid-binding globulinCBGOnon-inhibitory, hormone bindingmM/Am
Factor Xa–directed anticoagulantAcInreversible noncovalent factor Xa inhibitionn aae
Glia-derived nexinGDNO/Inneurite outgrowth, thrombinoM
Heat shock protein 47HSP47Ochaperone, folding, collagen processingpM/F
Heparin cofactor IIHEPIIInthrombin/chymotrypsinq,rM/Am
KallistatinKALIntissue kallikreinsM
Limulus intracellular coagulation inhibitorLICIInfactor C, limulus clotting enzyme, other serine proteasest ttr
Manduca sextaalaserpin (12 splice variants)SERP-1In, Nsome show inhibitory activity vs serine proteinasesu mse
MaspinMaspinIntissue-type plasminogen activator/prevents metastasisv,wM
Monocyte/neutrophil elastase inhibitorMNEIInproteinase 3, cathepsin GxM
Myeloid and erythroid nuclear-termination stage specific proteinMENTOchromatin condensationy gga
NematodeAcNmany with inhibitory RCL, targets unknownz cel
NeuroserpinNEUSInplasminogen activator, urokinase, plasminaaM
OvalbuminOVALNnon-inhibitorybb,ccA
PI6PI6Incathepsin GddM
PI8PI8Intrypsin-like proteinasesee,ff hsa
PI9PI9Ingranzyme BggM
Pigment epithelium-derived factorPEDFOneurotrophic factorhhM
Plant serpins (e.g., protein Z)AcIninhibitory activity vs serine proteinase, target unknownii,jjP
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1PAI-1Intissue-type plasminogen activatorkkM
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-2PAI-2Intissue-type plasminogen activator, intracellular signalingll,mmM
Protein C InhibitorPCIInprotein CnnM
Regeneration-Associated ProteinRASP-1Inliver regeneration, human homolog protein Z potent FXa inhibitoroo rno
Sea lamprey serpinAcNinhibitory RCL, target unknownpp pma
Signal crayfishAcNinhibitory RCL, target-unknownqq ple
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen-1SCCA-1Ininhibitory activity vs papain-like cysteine proteasesrr hsa
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen-2SCCA-2Ininhibitory activity vs serine proteinasesssM
Thyroxine-binding globulinTBGOnon-inhibitory, hormone bindingttM/Am
TP55MegsinOmegakaryocyte maturationuu hsa
Uterine milk proteinUTMPIn/Oactivin binding, inhibitory activity vs aspartic proteasesvv,wwM
Viral serpin CrmACrmAIninterleukin-converting enzyme 1βxxV

[i] (Ac) Identified by its individual accession.

[ii] (In) Protease inhibitor; (O) other function; (N) not known.

[iii] Where sequences are present in more than one species, the class is given. (A) avian; (Am) amphibian; (F) fish; (M) mammalian; (P) plant; (V) viral. Italicized labels refer to individual species: (aae) Aedes aegypti; (bmo)Bombyx mori; (cel) Caenorhabditis elegans; (dme) Drosophila melanogaster;(gga) Gallus gallus; (hsa) Homo sapiens; (mse) Manduca sexta;(ple) Pacifastacus leniusculus; (pma)Petromyzon marinus; (rno) Rattus norvegicus; (sma/ja/ha). Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma haematobium; (ttr)Tachypleus tridentatus.