Table 3.

Runtime estimates of the six methods

StepSampleBOLT-REMLGCTA-GREMLRHESUM-RHELDSCSumHer
Reference statistic estimation281k14,286.43120.8697.3
GWAS summary10k7.07.07.0
Heritability estimation10k589.6847.3590.61.64.02.9
Reference statistic estimation241k14,686.02699.91180.7
GWAS summary50k17.917.917.9
Heritability estimation50k3032.61.34.01.6

[i] We ran each method on 10 replicates to measure wall clock time. For methods or tools that allow multithreading (BOLT/GCTA-GREML, SumHer, PLINK 2.0), we used six threads, run on the UCLA Hoffman2 computing nodes. SUM-RHE trace summaries were estimated by running the original RHE-mc codes (which does not support multithreading). PLINK 2.0 was used for calculating the GWAS summary statistics. All measurements are in seconds.