Mapping TE family evolution in Cetartiodactyla. (A) Number of MER41, Bov-A2, and BovB elements identified across 24 mammalian assemblies using RepeatMasker. Bubble size corresponds to the number of TEs annotated in each assembly. Phylogeny was obtained from TimeTree (Kumar et al. 2017) and depicts species divergence. Estimated insertion times are indicated on the phylogeny as triangles (MER41) and a square (Bov-A2 and BovB). (B) Principal component analysis (PCA) plot of extant copies of bovine MER41 elements (circles) and cetartiodactyl, carnivore (MER41_CF), and human (MER41B_Hs) MER41 consensus sequences (triangles) colored by superfamily. Consensus sequences are named based on the species in which they were discovered. (Hs) Homo sapiens, (Vpa) Vicugna pacos, (Ttr) Tursiops truncatas, (SS) Sus scrofa, (CF) Canis familiaris, (BT) Bos taurus.