Principal components analysis of LID elements in humans. A principal coordinate (PC) genetic map of 14 human populations as defined by variation in six LINE elements is presented in three views. The top two panels (a,b) show two-dimensional views of the data by plotting PC1 against PC2 and PC3, respectively. The lower panel (c) shows a three-dimensional view of the genetic distances. The first, second, and third PC axes account for 59.1%, 20.6%, and 11.4% of the variation in the samples. Thus, panel a captures 79.7% of the sample variation, panel b 70.5%, and panelc 91.1%. Population classifications–African: Bantu (BAN), African American (AFRAM), !Kung (!Kung); Asian: Armenian (ARM); European/Caucasian: Syrian (SYR), Turkish Cypriot (TUR), French (FRE), Breton (BRE), German (GER), Swiss (SWI), European-American (CAU), Hispanic American (HIS); Native American: Greenland Native (GREEN), Alaska Native (ALAS). A hypothetical ancestral population (ROOT) with a frequency of 0.0 for all LINE insertions was added into the analysis and serves as a point of initial dispersion for all other points on the map.