Overrepresented SDL motifs identified through combined analysis of SDL, SL/SSup GI data sets, and gold standard kinase–substrate pairs. Five types of sub-networks were enriched against the randomized data set: (A) counteracting; (B) balancing co-regulation; (C) converging regulation; (D) diverging regulation; and (E) SDL cascades. The number and fold-enrichment of triplet gene pairs identified are listed, as well as examples of known and novel motifs for each group. Possible mechanistic models describing each motif are highlighted. Some motifs fall under more than one subtype.