The leafcutter ant A. echinatior and annotation of its protein-coding genes. (A) A winged male of the Panamanian leaf-cutting ant A. echinatior in the fungus garden that is maintained by his major- and minor-worker sisters. (B) The total of 17,278 annotated protein-coding genes as obtained from de novo predictions, GLEAN acceptance, homology (to C. floridanus, H. saltator, A. mellifera, N. vitripennis, D. melanogaster, C. elegans, or H. sapiens) and transcriptome evidence. (Photo courtesy of David R. Nash © 2010.)