Open chromatin interactions captured by NicE-C, Trac-looping, and OCEAN-C. (A–D) HeLa cells NicE-C (A), IMR-90 cells NicE-C (B), CD4⁺ T cells Trac-looping (C), and GM12878 cells OCEAN-C (D) chromatin contact maps of an example region (TPM value of JAK gene for these four cells are approximately 120) on Chromosome 1 at 1-kb resolution. Heatmaps were plotted with equal cis valid pairs. The RefSeq genes, RNA-seq, and DNase-seq signal of four different cell lines are also shown. (E) Genome-wide averaged pile-up matrices (plotted at 1-kb resolution, windows = 200 kb) showing P-P interactions and stripes detected by NicE-C (HeLa cells and IMR-90 cells), Trac-looping (CD4⁺ T cells), OCEAN-C (GM12878 cells), and Hi-C (HeLa cells).