Single substitutions were calculated for MIRN506, MIRN507, MIRN508, MIRN510 of six primate species, and MIRN514 of siamang, Yunnan snub-nosed monkey, rhesus monkey, and black-handed spider monkey with confirmed orthologs (see Methods). Single substitutions, P = 0.002, double substitutions, P = 0.05 (two-tailed Fisher’s exact test).