Table 3.

Gains and losses of cellular functions in T. kodakaraensis when compared to Pyrococcus spp.


Gains
Improved α-polysaccharide degradationa
Chitin degradationa
Additional pyruvate oxidation
Tyr biosynthesis
His biosynthesisa
Riboflavin biosynthesisa
Deoxyribose metabolism
Thymidine salvage
Additional cation transporters (Fe2+, Fe3+, Mo2+, K+, Na+)
Improved stress response system (especially for cold adaptation?)
Losses
Ile, Val, and Leu biosynthesisb
Thlamine biosynthesis (partially)
Others
Distinct restriction system

a Present in T. kodakaraensis and P. furiosus, and not in P. abyssl and P. horikoshii.

b Present in P. abyssi and P. furiosus, and not in T. kodakaraensis and P. horikoshii.