Conserved sequence motifs in mevalonate pathway enzymes. Blocks of high-sequence similarity are shown. Unique identifiers in SWISSPROT or GenBank are given for each sequence. Yellow shading indicates conserved bulky hydrophobic residues (I, L, F, M, V, Y, and W), red type indicates conserved small side chain residues (A, G, and S), and blue type indicates other conserved residues. Secondary structures predicted with reliability of eight or higher (PHD program) are shown; h indicates a helix, and s indicates a strand. (A) Diphosphomevalonate kinase belongs to the galactokinase superfamily. Secondary structures for yeast phosphomevalonate kinase (ERG8) and diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase (ERG19) predicted with reliability of eight or higher are shown. (B) Conserved ATP-binding motifs of nucleotide monophosphate kinase type in metazoan phosphomevalonate kinases. Secondary structure elements observed in the T4 bacteriophage deoxynucleoside monophosphate kinase (pdb code 1DEL) and predicted for human phosphomevalonate kinase (PMKA_HUMAN) are shown. Green shading indicates residues located within 3å distance from the bound ADP. (C) MutT-like pyrophosphate-binding motifs in isopentenyl pyrophosphate delta-isomerases. Secondary structure elements observed in Escherichia coli MutT protein (pdb code 1TUM) and predicted for yeast IPPI (IDI1_YEAST) are shown.