TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kobayashi, Hisato
A1  - Sakurai, Takayuki
A1  - Miura, Fumihito
A1  - Imai, Misaki
A1  - Mochiduki, Kentaro
A1  - Yanagisawa, Eikichi
A1  - Sakashita, Akihiko
A1  - Wakai, Takuya
A1  - Suzuki, Yutaka
A1  - Ito, Takashi
A1  - Matsui, Yasuhisa
A1  - Kono, Tomohiro
T1  - High-resolution DNA methylome analysis of primordial germ cells identifies gender-specific reprogramming in mice
Y1  - 2013/02/14 
JF  - Genome Research 
JO  - Genome Research 
DO  - 10.1101/gr.148023.112 
SP  - gr.148023.112 
UR  - http://genome.cshlp.org/content/early/2013/02/14/gr.148023.112.abstract 
N2  - Dynamic epigenetic reprogramming occurs during mammalian germ cell development, although the targets of this process, including DNA demethylation and de novo methylation, remain poorly understood. We performed genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in male and female mouse primordial germ cells at embryonic day 10.5, 13.5, and 16.5 by whole-genome shotgun bisulfite sequencing. Our high-resolution DNA methylome maps demonstrated gender-specific differences in CpG methylation at genome-wide and gene-specific levels during fetal germline progression. There was extensive intra- and intergenic hypomethylation with erasure of methylation marks at imprinted, X-linked, or germline-specific genes during gonadal sex determination and partial methylation at particular retrotransposons. Following global demethylation and sex determination, CpG sites switched to de novo methylation in males, but the X-linked genes appeared resistant to the wave of de novo methylation. Significant differential methylation at a subset of imprinted loci was identified in both genders and non-CpG methylation occurred only in male gonocytes. Our data establish the basis for future studies on the role of epigenetic modifications in germline development and other biological processes. 
ER  -