RT Journal
A1 Duret, Laurent
A1 Guex, Nicolas
A1 Peitsch, Manuel C.
A1 Bairoch, Amos
T1 New Insulin-Like Proteins with Atypical Disulfide Bond Pattern Characterized  in Caenorhabditis elegans by Comparative Sequence Analysis and Homology Modeling
JF Genome Research 
JO Genome Research 
YR 1998 
FD April 01 
VO 8 
IS 4 
SP 348 
OP 353 
DO 10.1101/gr.8.4.348 
UL http://genome.cshlp.org/content/8/4/348.abstract 
AB We have identified three new families of insulin homologs inCaenorhabditis elegans. In two of these families, concerted mutations suggest that an additional disulfide bond links B and A domains, and that the A-domain internal disulfide bond is substituted by a hydrophobic interaction. Homology modeling remarkably confirms these predictions and shows that despite this atypical disulfide bond pattern and the absence of C-like peptide, all these proteins may adopt the same fold as the insulin. Interestingly, whereas we identified 10 insulin-like peptides, only one insulin-like-receptor (daf-2) has been found. We propose that these insulin-related peptides may correspond to different activators or inhibitors of the daf-2insulin-regulating pathway.