TY - JOUR A1 - Waldvogel, Ann-Marie A1 - Pfenninger, Markus T1 - Temperature dependence of spontaneous mutation rates Y1 - 2021/09/01 JF - Genome Research JO - Genome Research SP - 1582 EP - 1589 DO - 10.1101/gr.275168.120 VL - 31 IS - 9 UR - http://genome.cshlp.org/content/31/9/1582.abstract N2 - Mutation is the source of genetic variation and the fundament of evolution. Temperature has long been suggested to have a direct impact on realized spontaneous mutation rates. If mutation rates vary in response to environmental conditions, such as the variation of the ambient temperature through space and time, they should no longer be described as species-specific constants. By combining mutation accumulation with whole-genome sequencing in a multicellular organism, we provide empirical support to reject the null hypothesis of a constant, temperature-independent mutation rate. Instead, mutation rates depended on temperature in a U-shaped manner with increasing rates toward both temperature extremes. This relation has important implications for mutation-dependent processes in molecular evolution, processes shaping the evolution of mutation rates, and even the evolution of biodiversity as such. ER -