RT Journal
A1 Kawata, Kentaro
A1 Wakida, Hiroyasu
A1 Yamada, Toshimichi
A1 Taniue, Kenzui
A1 Han, Han
A1 Seki, Masahide
A1 Suzuki, Yutaka
A1 Akimitsu, Nobuyoshi
T1 Metabolic labeling of RNA using multiple ribonucleoside analogs enables the simultaneous evaluation of RNA synthesis and degradation rates
JF Genome Research 
JO Genome Research 
YR 2020 
FD October 01 
VO 30 
IS 10 
SP 1481 
OP 1491 
DO 10.1101/gr.264408.120 
UL http://genome.cshlp.org/content/30/10/1481.abstract 
AB Gene expression is determined by a balance between RNA synthesis and RNA degradation. To elucidate the underlying regulatory mechanisms and principles of this, simultaneous measurements of RNA synthesis and degradation are required. Here, we report the development of “Dyrec-seq,” which uses 4-thiouridine and 5-bromouridine to simultaneously quantify RNA synthesis and degradation rates. Dyrec-seq enabled the quantification of RNA synthesis and degradation rates of 4702 genes in HeLa cells. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the RNA synthesis and degradation rates of genes are actually determined by the genes’ biological functions. A comparison of theoretical and experimental analyses revealed that the amount of RNA is determined by the ratio of RNA synthesis to degradation rates, whereas the rapidity of responses to external stimuli is determined only by the degradation rate. This study emphasizes that not only RNA synthesis but also RNA degradation is important in shaping gene expression patterns.