TY - JOUR A1 - Agudelo, Daniel A1 - Carter, Sophie A1 - Velimirovic, Minja A1 - Duringer, Alexis A1 - Rivest, Jean-François A1 - Levesque, Sébastien A1 - Loehr, Jeremy A1 - Mouchiroud, Mathilde A1 - Cyr, Denis A1 - Waters, Paula J. A1 - Laplante, Mathieu A1 - Moineau, Sylvain A1 - Goulet, Adeline A1 - Doyon, Yannick T1 - Versatile and robust genome editing with Streptococcus thermophilus CRISPR1-Cas9 Y1 - 2020/01/01 JF - Genome Research JO - Genome Research SP - 107 EP - 117 DO - 10.1101/gr.255414.119 VL - 30 IS - 1 UR - http://genome.cshlp.org/content/30/1/107.abstract N2 - Targeting definite genomic locations using CRISPR-Cas systems requires a set of enzymes with unique protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) compatibilities. To expand this repertoire, we engineered nucleases, cytosine base editors, and adenine base editors from the archetypal Streptococcus thermophilus CRISPR1-Cas9 (St1Cas9) system. We found that St1Cas9 strain variants enable targeting to five distinct A-rich PAMs and provide a structural basis for their specificities. The small size of this ortholog enables expression of the holoenzyme from a single adeno-associated viral vector for in vivo editing applications. Delivery of St1Cas9 to the neonatal liver efficiently rewired metabolic pathways, leading to phenotypic rescue in a mouse model of hereditary tyrosinemia. These robust enzymes expand and complement current editing platforms available for tailoring mammalian genomes. ER -