RT Journal
A1 Chymkowitch, Pierre
A1 Nguéa P, Aurélie
A1 Aanes, Håvard
A1 Koehler, Christian J.
A1 Thiede, Bernd
A1 Lorenz, Susanne
A1 Meza-Zepeda, Leonardo A.
A1 Klungland, Arne
A1 Enserink, Jorrit M.
T1 Sumoylation of Rap1 mediates the recruitment of TFIID to promote transcription of ribosomal protein genes
JF Genome Research 
JO Genome Research 
YR 2015 
FD June 01 
VO 25 
IS 6 
SP 897 
OP 906 
DO 10.1101/gr.185793.114 
UL http://genome.cshlp.org/content/25/6/897.abstract 
AB Transcription factors are abundant Sumo targets, yet the global distribution of Sumo along the chromatin and its physiological relevance in transcription are poorly understood. Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we determined the genome-wide localization of Sumo along the chromatin. We discovered that Sumo-enriched genes are almost exclusively involved in translation, such as tRNA genes and ribosomal protein genes (RPGs). Genome-wide expression analysis showed that Sumo positively regulates their transcription. We also discovered that the Sumo consensus motif at RPG promoters is identical to the DNA binding motif of the transcription factor Rap1. We demonstrate that Rap1 is a molecular target of Sumo and that sumoylation of Rap1 is important for cell viability. Furthermore, Rap1 sumoylation promotes recruitment of the basal transcription machinery, and sumoylation of Rap1 cooperates with the target of rapamycin kinase complex 1 (TORC1) pathway to promote RPG transcription. Strikingly, our data reveal that sumoylation of Rap1 functions in a homeostatic feedback loop that sustains RPG transcription during translational stress. Taken together, Sumo regulates the cellular translational capacity by promoting transcription of tRNA genes and RPGs.