@article{Karmin01042015,
author = {Karmin, Monika and Saag, Lauri and Vicente, Mário and Sayres, Melissa A. Wilson and Järve, Mari and Talas, Ulvi Gerst and Rootsi, Siiri and Ilumäe, Anne-Mai and Mägi, Reedik and Mitt, Mario and Pagani, Luca and Puurand, Tarmo and Faltyskova, Zuzana and Clemente, Florian and Cardona, Alexia and Metspalu, Ene and Sahakyan, Hovhannes and Yunusbayev, Bayazit and Hudjashov, Georgi and DeGiorgio, Michael and Loogväli, Eva-Liis and Eichstaedt, Christina and Eelmets, Mikk and Chaubey, Gyaneshwer and Tambets, Kristiina and Litvinov, Sergei and Mormina, Maru and Xue, Yali and Ayub, Qasim and Zoraqi, Grigor and Korneliussen, Thorfinn Sand and Akhatova, Farida and Lachance, Joseph and Tishkoff, Sarah and Momynaliev, Kuvat and Ricaut, François-Xavier and Kusuma, Pradiptajati and Razafindrazaka, Harilanto and Pierron, Denis and Cox, Murray P. and Sultana, Gazi Nurun Nahar and Willerslev, Rane and Muller, Craig and Westaway, Michael and Lambert, David and Skaro, Vedrana and Kovačevic´, Lejla and Turdikulova, Shahlo and Dalimova, Dilbar and Khusainova, Rita and Trofimova, Natalya and Akhmetova, Vita and Khidiyatova, Irina and Lichman, Daria V. and Isakova, Jainagul and Pocheshkhova, Elvira and Sabitov, Zhaxylyk and Barashkov, Nikolay A. and Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn and Mihailov, Evelin and Seng, Joseph Wee Tien and Evseeva, Irina and Migliano, Andrea Bamberg and Abdullah, Syafiq and Andriadze, George and Primorac, Dragan and Atramentova, Lubov and Utevska, Olga and Yepiskoposyan, Levon and Marjanovic´, Damir and Kushniarevich, Alena and Behar, Doron M. and Gilissen, Christian and Vissers, Lisenka and Veltman, Joris A. and Balanovska, Elena and Derenko, Miroslava and Malyarchuk, Boris and Metspalu, Andres and Fedorova, Sardana and Eriksson, Anders and Manica, Andrea and Mendez, Fernando L. and Karafet, Tatiana M. and Veeramah, Krishna R. and Bradman, Neil and Hammer, Michael F. and Osipova, Ludmila P. and Balanovsky, Oleg and Khusnutdinova, Elza K. and Johnsen, Knut and Remm, Maido and Thomas, Mark G. and Tyler-Smith, Chris and Underhill, Peter A. and Willerslev, Eske and Nielsen, Rasmus and Metspalu, Mait and Villems, Richard and Kivisild, Toomas}, 
title = {A recent bottleneck of Y chromosome diversity coincides with a global change in culture},
volume = {25}, 
number = {4}, 
pages = {459-466}, 
year = {2015}, 
doi = {10.1101/gr.186684.114}, 
abstract ={It is commonly thought that human genetic diversity in non-African populations was shaped primarily by an out-of-Africa dispersal 50–100 thousand yr ago (kya). Here, we present a study of 456 geographically diverse high-coverage Y chromosome sequences, including 299 newly reported samples. Applying ancient DNA calibration, we date the Y-chromosomal most recent common ancestor (MRCA) in Africa at 254 (95% CI 192–307) kya and detect a cluster of major non-African founder haplogroups in a narrow time interval at 47–52 kya, consistent with a rapid initial colonization model of Eurasia and Oceania after the out-of-Africa bottleneck. In contrast to demographic reconstructions based on mtDNA, we infer a second strong bottleneck in Y-chromosome lineages dating to the last 10 ky. We hypothesize that this bottleneck is caused by cultural changes affecting variance of reproductive success among males.}, 
URL = {http://genome.cshlp.org/content/25/4/459.abstract}, 
eprint = {http://genome.cshlp.org/content/25/4/459.full.pdf+html}, 
journal = {Genome Research} 
}