TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Zhen-Xia A1 - Sturgill, David A1 - Qu, Jiaxin A1 - Jiang, Huaiyang A1 - Park, Soo A1 - Boley, Nathan A1 - Suzuki, Ana Maria A1 - Fletcher, Anthony R. A1 - Plachetzki, David C. A1 - FitzGerald, Peter C. A1 - Artieri, Carlo G. A1 - Atallah, Joel A1 - Barmina, Olga A1 - Brown, James B. A1 - Blankenburg, Kerstin P. A1 - Clough, Emily A1 - Dasgupta, Abhijit A1 - Gubbala, Sai A1 - Han, Yi A1 - Jayaseelan, Joy C. A1 - Kalra, Divya A1 - Kim, Yoo-Ah A1 - Kovar, Christie L. A1 - Lee, Sandra L. A1 - Li, Mingmei A1 - Malley, James D. A1 - Malone, John H. A1 - Mathew, Tittu A1 - Mattiuzzo, Nicolas R. A1 - Munidasa, Mala A1 - Muzny, Donna M. A1 - Ongeri, Fiona A1 - Perales, Lora A1 - Przytycka, Teresa M. A1 - Pu, Ling-Ling A1 - Robinson, Garrett A1 - Thornton, Rebecca L. A1 - Saada, Nehad A1 - Scherer, Steven E. A1 - Smith, Harold E. A1 - Vinson, Charles A1 - Warner, Crystal B. A1 - Worley, Kim C. A1 - Wu, Yuan-Qing A1 - Zou, Xiaoyan A1 - Cherbas, Peter A1 - Kellis, Manolis A1 - Eisen, Michael B. A1 - Piano, Fabio A1 - Kionte, Karin A1 - Fitch, David H. A1 - Sternberg, Paul W. A1 - Cutter, Asher D. A1 - Duff, Michael O. A1 - Hoskins, Roger A. A1 - Graveley, Brenton R. A1 - Gibbs, Richard A. A1 - Bickel, Peter J. A1 - Kopp, Artyom A1 - Carninci, Piero A1 - Celniker, Susan E. A1 - Oliver, Brian A1 - Richards, Stephen T1 - Comparative validation of the D. melanogaster modENCODE transcriptome annotation Y1 - 2014/07/01 JF - Genome Research JO - Genome Research SP - 1209 EP - 1223 DO - 10.1101/gr.159384.113 VL - 24 IS - 7 UR - http://genome.cshlp.org/content/24/7/1209.abstract N2 - Accurate gene model annotation of reference genomes is critical for making them useful. The modENCODE project has improved the D. melanogaster genome annotation by using deep and diverse high-throughput data. Since transcriptional activity that has been evolutionarily conserved is likely to have an advantageous function, we have performed large-scale interspecific comparisons to increase confidence in predicted annotations. To support comparative genomics, we filled in divergence gaps in the Drosophila phylogeny by generating draft genomes for eight new species. For comparative transcriptome analysis, we generated mRNA expression profiles on 81 samples from multiple tissues and developmental stages of 15 Drosophila species, and we performed cap analysis of gene expression in D. melanogaster and D. pseudoobscura. We also describe conservation of four distinct core promoter structures composed of combinations of elements at three positions. Overall, each type of genomic feature shows a characteristic divergence rate relative to neutral models, highlighting the value of multispecies alignment in annotating a target genome that should prove useful in the annotation of other high priority genomes, especially human and other mammalian genomes that are rich in noncoding sequences. We report that the vast majority of elements in the annotation are evolutionarily conserved, indicating that the annotation will be an important springboard for functional genetic testing by the Drosophila community. ER -