TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sakurai, Masayuki
A1  - Ueda, Hiroki
A1  - Yano, Takanori
A1  - Okada, Shunpei
A1  - Terajima, Hideki
A1  - Mitsuyama, Toutai
A1  - Toyoda, Atsushi
A1  - Fujiyama, Asao
A1  - Kawabata, Hitomi
A1  - Suzuki, Tsutomu
T1  - A biochemical landscape of A-to-I RNA editing in the human brain transcriptome
Y1  - 2014/03/01 
JF  - Genome Research 
JO  - Genome Research 
SP  - 522 
EP  - 534 
DO  - 10.1101/gr.162537.113 
VL  - 24 
IS  - 3 
UR  - http://genome.cshlp.org/content/24/3/522.abstract 
N2  - Inosine is an abundant RNA modification in the human transcriptome and is essential for many biological processes in modulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) catalyze the hydrolytic deamination of adenosines to inosines (A-to-I editing) in double-stranded regions. We previously established a biochemical method called “inosine chemical erasing” (ICE) to directly identify inosines on RNA strands with high reliability. Here, we have applied the ICE method combined with deep sequencing (ICE-seq) to conduct an unbiased genome-wide screening of A-to-I editing sites in the transcriptome of human adult brain. Taken together with the sites identified by the conventional ICE method, we mapped 19,791 novel sites and newly found 1258 edited mRNAs, including 66 novel sites in coding regions, 41 of which cause altered amino acid assignment. ICE-seq detected novel editing sites in various repeat elements as well as in short hairpins. Gene ontology analysis revealed that these edited mRNAs are associated with transcription, energy metabolism, and neurological disorders, providing new insights into various aspects of human brain functions. 
ER  -